NPS: Tax Deductions & Procedures to Claim
NPS: Tax Deductions & Procedures to Claim
The National Pension System (NPS) is a comprehensive retirement savings initiative designed to offer financial security and tax efficiency to Indian citizens. It has investment options for both individuals and employees. This scheme offers significant tax deductions for their subscribers. Its unique combination of affordability, portability and tax advantages has made it a preferred choice for long-term wealth creation. This article provides an overview of NPS tax deductions and provides step-by-step instructions on how to claim tax deductions while filing income tax returns (ITR).
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Get Started!A Brief Overview of National Pension Scheme
As mentioned earlier, the National Pension System (NPS) is a government-initiated retirement savings scheme designed to provide Indian citizens with a reliable, market-driven option for long-term wealth accumulation. It is regulated by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA). With its simplified model, NPS ensures individuals can easily manage their retirement plans. It also provides significant tax deductions, allowing individuals to reduce their taxable income while building a financial foundation for retirement.
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Tax Deductions Under National Pension Scheme
We have given below the tax deductions one can obtain under the National Pension Scheme (NPS) System,
Tax Deduction under Section 80CCD(1)
NPS subscribers can claim a tax deduction of up to 10% of their salary (Basic + Dearness Allowance) under Section 80CCD(1) of the Income Tax Act, 1961. This deduction is subject to an overall ceiling of ₹1.5 lakh.
Tax Deduction under Section 80CCD(1B)
An additional tax deduction of up to ₹50,000 is available exclusively for investments in the NPS Tier I account under Section 80CCD(1B). This deduction is over and above the ₹1.5 lakh limit under Section 80CCE, providing an exclusive advantage not applicable to other investments. Existing government subscribers can also make additional contributions to their Tier I accounts through any Point of Presence–Service Provider (POP-SP) to avail of this benefit.
Tax Deductions under Section 80CCD(2)
Section 80CCD(2) offers a significant tax advantage for NPS subscribers in the corporate sector. Employer contributions to NPS, up to 14% of the employee’s salary (Basic + Dearness Allowance), are deductible from the employee’s taxable income.
Tax Deductions Other than Section 80CCD
In addition to the tax deductions available under Section 80CCD, the National Pension System (NPS) also provides several other tax advantages, particularly when it comes to withdrawals and annuity purchases:
- Tax Deductions on Partial Withdrawal:
NPS allows subscribers to make partial withdrawals from their Tier I account for specific purposes, such as funding education or medical emergencies. The amount withdrawn is fully exempt from tax under Section 10(12B) of the Income Tax Act. - Tax Deduction on Annuity Purchase:
The amount you invest in purchasing an annuity from the NPS corpus is exempt from tax subject to limits prescribed. However, it’s important to note that any annuity income you receive in the subsequent years will be subject to taxation as per the applicable income tax slab. - Tax Deduction on Lump-Sum Withdrawal:
Upon exit, up to 60% of the total NPS corpus withdrawn as a lump sum is exempt from tax.
How to Claim NPS Tax Deduction?
Follow these steps to ensure you take full advantage of the tax deductions under NPS Scheme – Section 80CCD(1), 80CCD(1B) and 80CCD(2):
Step 1: Log in to the Income Tax e-Filing Portal
Visit the official Income Tax e-Filing portal and log in using your PAN, Aadhaar, or registered user credentials.
Step 2: Select the Correct ITR Form
Choose the applicable ITR form based on your income type and tax applicability. Salaried individuals generally use ITR-1 or ITR-2, while self-employed individuals may need ITR-3 or ITR-4.
Step 3: Enter NPS Contributions
In the ITR form, locate the section for claiming deductions under Chapter VI-A. This section includes deductions for investments like NPS, LIC premiums and others.
- Employee/Individual Contributions: Under Section 80CCD(1), enter the amount you contributed to your NPS Tier I account during the financial year, up to a maximum of ₹1.5 lakh, subject to the overall 80C limit.
- Additional Contributions: If you have made additional contributions to NPS, claim up to ₹50,000 under Section 80CCD(1B).
- Employer’s Contributions: If your employer contributed to your NPS account, mention the amount under Section 80CCD(2). This amount is tax-exempt, up to 14% of your salary (basic + DA). In the Union Budget 2024, the percentage of contribution exempted was increased from 10% to 14% for non-government employees. For Government employees, it will be up to 14% of their Basic salary.
Step 4: Verify and Validate
Ensure all details are accurate, and cross-check your entries against your NPS account statements and Form 16/Salary Slips.
Step 5: Submit Supporting Documents (if required)
While filing online, you are not required to upload supporting documents. However, keep your NPS transaction statement and Form 16 handy for verification during an audit or query.
Step 6: File and Submit the ITR
Once you have entered all necessary details, file your ITR, verify it electronically (using Aadhaar OTP, Net Banking, etc.), or send a signed ITR-V to the CPC, Bengaluru.
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Get Started!Conclusion
In conclusion, the National Pension System (NPS) serves as an excellent scheme for retirement planning, offering substantial tax deductions under Sections 80CCD(1), 80CCD(1B) and 80CCD(2). By utilising these deductions and following a process for claiming deductions during ITR filing, NPS subscribers can optimise their savings while ensuring long-term financial security.
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Get Started!FAQs
1. What is the National Pension System (NPS)?
The National Pension System (NPS) is a government-backed retirement savings scheme that provides long-term financial security and tax benefits for Indian citizens. It is regulated by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA).
2. Who is eligible to open an NPS account?
Individuals between 18 and 70 years of age who comply with KYC norms can open an NPS account. Indian residents, non-residents, and Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) are eligible, but Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) are excluded.
3. What tax benefits does NPS offer under Section 80C?
NPS contributions up to ₹1.5 lakh annually are eligible for tax deductions under Section 80CCE, including Section 80C. This applies to contributions made to NPS Tier I accounts.
4. What is the additional tax deduction under Section 80CCD(1B)?
Subscribers can claim an extra deduction of up to ₹50,000 under Section 80CCD(1B) for contributions to their NPS Tier I account. This is over and above the ₹1.5 lakh limit under Section 80C.
5. Are employer contributions to NPS tax-deductible?
Yes, employer contributions to NPS are deductible under Section 80CCD(2) up to 10% of the employee’s salary (Basic + DA). This benefit has no monetary limit and is separate from deductions under Sections 80CCE and 80CCD(1B).
6. Can I claim tax benefits for both personal and employer NPS contributions?
Yes, you can claim deductions for your contributions under Sections 80CCD(1) and 80CCD(1B) and for your employer’s contributions under Section 80CCD(2).
9. Are NPS accounts transferable?
Yes, NPS accounts are portable, allowing subscribers to retain them across jobs and locations without losing benefits.
10. How can I use NPS to optimise my tax planning?
By contributing up to ₹2 lakh annually (₹1.5 lakh under Section 80CCD(1) and ₹50,000 under Section 80CCD(1B)) and leveraging employer contributions under Section 80CCD(2), NPS allows for significant tax savings while building a retirement corpus.