GSTR-1 Filing: Meaning, Eligibility, Due Dates, & Penalty
GSTR-1 Filing: Meaning, Eligibility, Due Dates, & Penalty
GSTR-1 means a monthly/quarterly return filed by registered taxpayers to report details of all outward supplies of goods and services. GSTR-1 filing can be done on the GST portal by entering all the details in the 15 tables of the GSTR-1 form. Taxpayers with an annual aggregate turnover exceeding ₹1.5 crore file GSTR-1 monthly, while those up to ₹1.5 crore can opt for quarterly filing. GSTR-1 due date is the 11th of the following month for monthly filers and the 13th of the month succeeding the quarter for quarterly filers. In this article, you will learn about the GSTR-1, its meaning, eligibility, due dates, and penalty.
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GSTR-1 stands for Goods and Services Tax Return 1. It’s a monthly (or quarterly for eligible taxpayers) filing mandated by the Indian government for businesses registered under the Goods and Services Tax (GST) system. In simpler terms, it’s a report submitted to the GST authorities that details all the outward supplies of goods and services you made during a specific tax period. This includes sales to registered businesses, unregistered customers, and any credit or debit notes issued. By filing GSTR-1, you provide the government with a record of your taxable transactions, which helps them track and collect GST efficiently.
Who can file GSTR 1?
Every registered dealer is liable to file GSTR 1 regardless of sales and turnover for a particular month, which means that even when there is no sale or transaction (Nil GSTR-1), a registered dealer has to file GSTR 1.
Here is the list of people who are exempt from filing the GSTR 1:
- An Input Service Distributor: If your business receives invoices for services used by your branches, then you are in the category of the Input Service Distributor under GST.
- Composition Scheme Dealer: If you have registered under the Composition scheme, you are a composition scheme dealer and are not required to file this GST return.
- A supplier of online Information, database access, or retrieval services.
- Non-resident taxable person: If you import goods and services from outside India or manage the business on behalf of a Non-Resident Indian.
- A Taxpayer who is liable for collecting Tax at Source or a taxpayer for deducting Tax at sources (TDS).
GSTR-1 Form Table-Wise Details
The GSTR-1 form contains the following 15 tables (previously 13) where the details of the taxpayer and the outward supplies of the company must be filled accurately,
- Tables 1a, 2b (Basic Details): Capture your GST Identification Number (GSTIN), legal name, and trade name.
- Tables 3a & 3b (ARN Details): Report the Application Reference Number (ARN) and its date of issuance, if applicable.
- Tables 4a, 4b, 4c, 6b & 6c (Outward Supplies to Registered Persons): These tables capture details of supplies made to other registered businesses, including tax rate, taxable value, and tax amount. Table 6b & 6c specifically focus on zero-rated supplies (like exports) made to registered persons.
- Tables 5 & 7 (Outward Supplies to Unregistered Persons): Table 5 details taxable supplies exceeding Rs. 2.5 lakhs made to unregistered customers (B2CL). Table 7 captures details of all other taxable supplies made to unregistered customers (B2C).
- Tables 6a, 8a-8d (Other Outward Supplies): Table 6a focuses on zero-rated supplies like exports made to unregistered recipients. Tables 8a-8d capture details of nil-rated, exempt, and non-GST outward supplies.
- Table 9B (Credit/Debit Notes): Report details of any credit or debit notes issued to both registered and unregistered recipients.
- Tables 11a(1), 11a(2), 11b(1), 11b(2) (Advance Details): These tables capture details of advances received and adjusted during the tax period, including the tax liability arising from such advances.
- Tables 12, 13, 14 & 15 (Additional Tables): Table 12 provides an HSN-wise summary of outward supplies. Table 13 reports details of documents issued during the period. Tables 14 & 15 capture details of supplies made through e-commerce operators (ECO) and those taxable under Section 9(5) of the GST Act.
- Tables 9a- 11b & 14a-15a (Amendment Details): These tables allow you to amend details reported earlier for various categories of supplies, credit/debit notes, advances, and supplies made through ECOs or under Section 9(5).
Note: Double-check and ensure the filled details are correct. The GST framework doesn’t allow the revision of filed GSTR-1 returns. However, mistakes can be rectified in the GSTR-1 for the following filing period (month or quarter). For instance, if you find a mistake in your July 2024 GSTR-1, you can rectify it in the August 2024 GSTR-1 or any subsequent month’s filing.
Requirements for GSTR-1 filing
It is necessary to have the documents that are mentioned below and the information that is ready with you:
- A valid Goods and Service Tax Identification Number
- The User ID and Password to sign in to the portal.
- A valid Digital Signature Certificate and Password to sign the form
- Aadhar Number if you are going to e-sign the form.
- Access to the Mobile Number mentioned on the Aadhar Card.
How to file GSTR-1?
The following instructions show the brief process of filing GSTR-1 on the GST Portal Online:
- Step 1: Login – Access the GST portal and log in with your credentials.
- Step 2: Gather Information – Prepare your invoices and debit notes for the period, including details like the recipient’s GSTIN, invoice value, HSN code, and tax rate.
- Step 3: Navigate to Returns – On the dashboard, go to Services > Returns > Returns Dashboard.
- Step 4: Select Return Period – Choose the financial year, quarter (if applicable), and month for which you’re filing from the respective dropdown menus. Click ‘SEARCH’.
- Step 5: Select Filing Option – Click the ‘PREPARE ONLINE’ button under the GSTR-1 tile to initiate online filing.
- Step 6: Outward Supplies – The ‘GSTR-1 – Details of outward supplies of goods or services’ page appears. Here, you’ll enter details for (other as we already mentioned):
- B2B Supplies: Details of outward supplies to registered businesses.
- B2C Supplies: Details of supplies to unregistered customers.
- Credit Debit Notes (CDN): Details of any credit or debit notes issued.
- Amendments: Details of any changes to previously filed invoices.
- B2C Others: Details of supplies attracting tax at a reverse charge mechanism.
- HSN: Report HSN-wise summary of outward supplies (Harmonized System of Nomenclature – a product classification system).
- Step 7: Generate Summary – Once you’ve entered details, click ‘Generate GSTR-1 summary’ to see a consolidated view of your entries.
- Step 8: Preview and Submit – Carefully review the pre-filled challan and ensure all details are correct. Click ‘Submit’ to proceed.
- Step 9: Verification – Choose your verification method – Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) or Electronic Verification Code (EVC) received on your registered mobile number.
GSTR-1 Due Date
The due date for filing GSTR-1 depends on your annual aggregate turnover:
- Monthly Filers: If your annual aggregate turnover is more than ₹1.5 crore, you must file GSTR-1 monthly by the 11th of the following month.
- Quarterly Filers: Taxpayers with an annual aggregate turnover of up to ₹1.5 crore can opt for quarterly filing. The due date for quarterly filers is the 13th of the month succeeding the quarter.
GSTR-1 Filing – Late Fees & Penalty
The late fee structure depends on your business’s annual turnover in the previous financial year and whether you’re filing a regular GSTR-1 or a nil return (indicating no outward supplies). Here’s table summarizing the late fees and penalty regarding GSTR-1 filing:
| Act | Late Fee per Day (Other than Nil Filing) | Maximum Late Fee (Turnover ≤ Rs. 1.5 Crore) | Maximum Late Fee (Turnover Rs. 1.5 Cr – Rs. 5 Cr) | Maximum Late Fee (Turnover > Rs. 5 Cr) |
| CGST Act, 2017 | Rs. 25 | Rs. 1,000 | Rs. 2,500 | Rs. 5,000 |
| Respective SGST Act/UTGST Act, 2017 | Rs. 25 | Rs. 1,000 | Rs. 2,500 | Rs. 5,000 |
| Total | Rs. 50 | Rs. 2,000 | Rs. 5,000 | Rs. 10,000 |
The following table captures the late fee for late Nil GSTR-1 filing,
| Act | Late Fee per Day (Nil Filing) | Maximum Late Fee |
| CGST Act, 2017 | Rs. 10 | Rs. 250 |
| Respective SGST Act/UTGST Act, 2017 | Rs. 10 | Rs. 250 |
| Total | Rs. 20 | Rs. 500 |
GSTR-1 Form Sample
Below, we’ll attach the GSTR-1 form for your reference to understand the structure. It is a previous version contains 13 tables,
GSTR-1-FormThings to keep in mind for GSTR-1 filing
Filing the returns for your business can sometimes be a little worrying as there can be confusion or mistakes sometimes. Take a look at a few things to keep in mind while filing GSTR 1:
- Ensure you have entered the correct GSTIN code and HSN codes to avoid any discrepancies.
- Confirm whether the Transaction is under the intra-state and inter-state categories.
- You can change the uploaded bills multiple times but the invoice once submitted cannot be changed.
- You cannot correct the returns once they are submitted.
- As it is a part of GST registration and GST return filing and you do not pay taxes until the GSTR 3B is filed.
- To avoid bulk uploads you can upload invoices at intervals.
- Suppliers such as proprietors partnerships, HUFs can E-sign
- In case the point of supply of goods changes and is now in a different state then SGST will be charged as per the new guidelines.
- You can also use a third-party application like IndiaFilings to file your GST Returns.
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